/* ==================== 
   Global Styles - Apple Style
   ==================== */

* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

:root {
    /* Colors - Codex-inspired quiet interface */
    --primary-color: #000000;
    --secondary-color: #ffffff;
    --surface-color: #ffffff;
    --surface-muted: #f6f6f4;
    --page-background: #fbfbfa;
    --text-color: #000000;
    --text-light: #6f7782;
    --text-muted: #8a929b;
    --border-color: #e6e5e1;
    --border-strong: #d8d7d2;
    --accent-color: #1a5fb4;
    
    /* Spacing */
    --spacing-xs: 0.5rem;
    --spacing-sm: 1rem;
    --spacing-md: 1.5rem;
    --spacing-lg: 2rem;
    --spacing-xl: 3rem;
    
    /* Typography */
    --font-family: Inter, ui-sans-serif, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
    --font-size-base: 16px;
    --line-height: 1.6;
    
    /* Shadows */
    --shadow-sm: 0 1px 2px rgba(31, 35, 40, 0.04), 0 1px 8px rgba(31, 35, 40, 0.03);
    --shadow-md: 0 12px 32px rgba(31, 35, 40, 0.08);
    --shadow-lg: 0 20px 48px rgba(31, 35, 40, 0.12);
    
    /* Border Radius */
    --radius-sm: 6px;
    --radius-md: 10px;
    --radius-lg: 14px;
    --radius-xl: 16px;
    --content-width: 1160px;
    --panel-padding: 18px;
}

html {
    scroll-behavior: auto;
    scrollbar-gutter: stable;
    overscroll-behavior-y: none;
    background-color: var(--page-background);
}

body {
    font-family: var(--font-family);
    font-size: var(--font-size-base);
    line-height: var(--line-height);
    color: var(--text-color);
    background-color: var(--page-background);
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
    overscroll-behavior-y: none;
}

/* ==================== 
   Container
   ==================== */

.container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 var(--spacing-md);
}

/* ==================== 
   Navigation
   ==================== */

.navbar {
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
    backdrop-filter: blur(20px);
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.nav-container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 var(--spacing-md);
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    height: 60px;
}

.logo {
    font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.nav-menu {
    display: flex;
    list-style: none;
    gap: 2rem;
}

.nav-menu a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--text-color);
    font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
    position: relative;
}

.nav-menu a:hover,
.nav-menu a.active {
    color: var(--text-color);
}

.nav-menu a.active::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -8px;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    height: 2px;
    background-color: var(--text-color);
}

.hamburger {
    display: none;
    flex-direction: column;
    cursor: pointer;
    gap: 6px;
}

.hamburger span {
    width: 24px;
    height: 2px;
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    border-radius: 2px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

/* ==================== 
   Hero Section
   ==================== */

.hero-title {
    font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: 500;
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    letter-spacing: 0;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 12px;
    text-align: center;
}

.hero-name-line,
.hero-subtitle-cjk {
    display: block;
    font-family: Inter, ui-sans-serif, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', 'Hiragino Sans', 'Hiragino Kaku Gothic ProN', 'Yu Gothic', 'PingFang SC', 'Microsoft YaHei', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
    font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: 500;
    letter-spacing: 0;
}

.hero-subtitle-katakana {
    display: block;
    font-family: Inter, ui-sans-serif, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', 'Hiragino Sans', 'Hiragino Kaku Gothic ProN', 'Yu Gothic', 'PingFang SC', 'Microsoft YaHei', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
    font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: 500;
    letter-spacing: 0;
    opacity: 1;
}

.hero-name-cjk {
    font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Noto Sans CJK SC', sans-serif;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.home-minimal {
    min-height: auto;
}

.home-layout {
    max-width: 1180px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 20px 12px 72px;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 156px minmax(0, 1fr);
    column-gap: 24px;
    align-items: start;
}

.home-sidebar {
    padding-top: 0;
    width: 156px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 20px;
}

.home-sidebar-shell {
    width: 156px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 12px;
}

.home-main {
    min-width: 0;
}

.home-intro {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 20px;
    width: 100%;
    text-align: center;
}

.hero-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    color: #000;
    font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: 400;
    text-decoration: none;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 999px;
    padding: 8px;
    background-color: #fff;
}

.hero-link:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.hero-link-icon {
    width: 24px;
    height: 24px;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.hero-link-image {
    width: 24px;
    height: 24px;
    object-fit: contain;
    display: block;
}

.home-profile {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 24px;
}

.profile-avatar-frame {
    width: 112px;
    height: 112px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    background-color: #fff;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.profile-avatar {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    display: block;
}

.profile-main {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    gap: 24px;
}

.hero-links {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, auto);
    grid-template-areas:
        "email scholar"
        "orcid github"
        "x .";
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 16px;
}

.hero-link-email {
    grid-area: email;
}

.hero-link-scholar {
    grid-area: scholar;
}

.hero-link-github {
    grid-area: github;
}

.hero-link-orcid {
    grid-area: orcid;
}

.hero-link-x {
    grid-area: x;
}

.language-switcher {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 8px;
}

.language-button {
    min-width: 38px;
    height: 30px;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: #fff;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-family: SimSun, STSong, 'Songti SC', serif;
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.language-button:hover,
.language-button:focus-visible,
.language-button.is-active {
    border-color: var(--border-color);
    color: var(--text-muted);
    background: #fff;
}

.home-page.is-translated {
    font-family: var(--font-family);
}

.home-page.is-translated .home-layout {
    font-family: 'Times New Roman', SimSun, STSong, 'Songti SC', serif;
}

.others-empty {
    min-height: calc(100vh - 60px);
    background: #fff;
}

.others-page,
.journal-page {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 24px var(--spacing-md) 72px;
}

.others-page-compact {
    padding-top: 28px;
}

.others-section {
    max-width: 1200px;
}

.others-section-header {
    padding-bottom: 12px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.others-section-header h1 {
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 1.6;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: #000;
}

.others-section-description {
    margin-top: 6px;
    font-size: 13px;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: #4b5563;
}

.others-intro,
.journal-hero {
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    padding-bottom: 24px;
}

.others-eyebrow {
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.12em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: rgb(82, 115, 197);
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.others-intro h1,
.journal-hero h1 {
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3rem);
    line-height: 1.1;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: -0.03em;
    max-width: 14ch;
}

.others-description,
.journal-description {
    max-width: 760px;
    margin-top: 16px;
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 1.8;
}

.journal-source-note {
    max-width: 760px;
    margin-top: 12px;
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: #666;
}

.others-grid {
    margin-top: 0;
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 18px;
    align-items: stretch;
    justify-content: flex-start;
}

.others-card {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0;
    padding: 0;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 18px;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
    background: #fff;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 24px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.06);
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: transform 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease, border-color 0.25s ease;
    max-width: 460px;
}

.others-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 14px 28px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
    border-color: rgba(82, 115, 197, 0.18);
}

.others-card-image-wrap {
    border-radius: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: none;
    background: #fff;
    flex: 0 0 150px;
    height: 150px;
}

.others-card-image {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: contain;
    padding: 12px;
}

.others-card-copy {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    gap: 6px;
    padding: 16px 16px 18px;
    flex: 1 1 auto;
    min-height: 0;
    background: #f7f6f3;
}

.others-card h2 {
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 1.35;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.others-card p {
    font-size: 12px;
    line-height: 1.45;
    max-width: none;
    color: #4b5563;
}

.others-card-description {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 4px;
    font-size: 12px;
    line-height: 1.45;
    color: #4b5563;
    flex: 1 1 auto;
}

.others-card-description p {
    margin: 0;
}

.others-card-description p:last-child {
    margin-top: auto;
}

.others-card-description ul {
    margin: 0;
    padding-left: 14px;
    list-style: "- ";
}

.others-card-description li {
    margin: 0;
}

.others-card-compact {
    width: 260px;
    max-width: 260px;
}

.journal-simple-header {
    padding-bottom: 18px;
    padding: 14px 18px 18px;
    display: grid;
    gap: 10px;
    background: #f7f6f3;
    border-radius: 14px;
}

.journal-simple-header > p {
    margin: 0;
}

.journal-meta-row {
    margin: 0;
}

.journal-simple-header p,
.journal-status,
.journal-entry p,
.journal-entry a,
.journal-tag,
.journal-tag-value {
    font-size: 12px;
    line-height: 1.3;
    color: #000;
}

.journal-simple-header span {
    font: inherit;
}

.journal-label {
    font-weight: 700;
}

.journal-meta-row-filters {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: flex-start;
    column-gap: 8px;
    row-gap: 8px;
}

.journal-filter-heading {
    margin: 0;
    flex: 0 0 auto;
}

.journal-filter-options {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 8px;
    flex: 1 1 520px;
    min-width: 0;
}

.journal-filter-button {
    appearance: none;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 999px;
    background: #fff;
    color: #555;
    padding: 4px 10px;
    font: inherit;
    line-height: 1.7;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background-color 0.18s ease, border-color 0.18s ease, color 0.18s ease, transform 0.18s ease;
}

.journal-filter-button:hover {
    transform: translateY(-1px);
    border-color: #aab6d8;
}

.journal-filter-button.is-active {
    color: #000;
    box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);
}

.journal-filter-button.is-active.journal-tag-rse {
    background: #dbeafe;
    border-color: #bfdbfe;
}

.journal-filter-button.is-active.journal-tag-isprs-jprs {
    background: #dff7e2;
    border-color: #c7edcd;
}

.journal-filter-button.is-active.journal-tag-ijgis {
    background: #fce7f3;
    border-color: #fbcfe8;
}

.journal-filter-button.is-active.journal-tag-annals-aag {
    background: #fef3c7;
    border-color: #fde68a;
}

.journal-filter-button.is-active.journal-tag-one-earth {
    background: #fde7d8;
    border-color: #f7d2bb;
}

.journal-filter-button.is-active.journal-tag-nature-sustainability {
    background: #e0f2fe;
    border-color: #bae6fd;
}

.journal-filter-button.is-active.journal-tag-nature-geoscience {
    background: #ede9fe;
    border-color: #ddd6fe;
}

.journal-filter-button.is-active.journal-tag-nature-climate-change {
    background: #dcfce7;
    border-color: #bbf7d0;
}

.journal-filter-button.is-active.journal-tag-journal-of-ecology {
    background: #dff4e4;
    border-color: #bfe3c7;
}

.journal-filter-button.is-active.journal-tag-journal-of-applied-ecology {
    background: #e7efe2;
    border-color: #cad8c2;
}

.journal-filter-button.is-active.journal-tag-nature-ecology-evolution {
    background: #e5f1df;
    border-color: #c9ddbf;
}

.journal-filter-button.is-active.journal-tag-ecology-letters {
    background: #eef2d9;
    border-color: #d9e1b2;
}

.journal-filter-button.is-active.journal-tag-global-change-biology {
    background: #f7e4c8;
    border-color: #ebcf9d;
}

.journal-filter-button.is-active.journal-tag-american-naturalist {
    background: #eadfd2;
    border-color: #d6c3ac;
}

.journal-filter-button.is-active.journal-tag-nature-cities {
    background: #ffe4e6;
    border-color: #fecdd3;
}

.journal-filter-button.is-active.journal-tag-computers-environment-urban-systems {
    background: #dbeafe;
    border-color: #bfdbfe;
}

.journal-filter-button.is-active.journal-tag-landscape-urban-planning {
    background: #dcfce7;
    border-color: #bbf7d0;
}

.journal-filter-button.is-active.journal-tag-cities {
    background: #ede9fe;
    border-color: #ddd6fe;
}

.journal-filter-button.is-active.journal-tag-urban-studies {
    background: #ffedd5;
    border-color: #fed7aa;
}

.journal-filter-button:not(.is-active) {
    background: #fff;
    border-color: var(--border-color);
    color: #6b7280;
}

.journal-entry {
    border: none;
    border-radius: 0;
    padding: 16px 0;
    background: transparent;
    box-shadow: none;
}

.journal-entry:first-child {
    border-top: 1px solid #d9d9d9;
}

.journal-entry:last-child {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #d9d9d9;
}

.journal-entry + .journal-entry {
    border-top: 1px solid #d9d9d9;
}

.journal-entry p {
    margin: 0;
}

.journal-entry-tags {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 8px;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.journal-tag,
.journal-tag-value {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 4px 10px;
    border-radius: 999px;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    background: #f7f7f7;
}

.journal-tag {
    color: #666;
}

.journal-tag-value {
    background: #fff;
}

.journal-tag-value.journal-tag-rse {
    background: #dbeafe;
    border-color: #bfdbfe;
}

.journal-tag-value.journal-tag-isprs-jprs {
    background: #dff7e2;
    border-color: #c7edcd;
}

.journal-tag-value.journal-tag-ijgis {
    background: #fce7f3;
    border-color: #fbcfe8;
}

.journal-tag-value.journal-tag-annals-aag {
    background: #fef3c7;
    border-color: #fde68a;
}

.journal-tag-value.journal-tag-one-earth {
    background: #fde7d8;
    border-color: #f7d2bb;
}

.journal-tag-value.journal-tag-nature-sustainability {
    background: #e0f2fe;
    border-color: #bae6fd;
}

.journal-tag-value.journal-tag-nature-geoscience {
    background: #ede9fe;
    border-color: #ddd6fe;
}

.journal-tag-value.journal-tag-nature-climate-change {
    background: #dcfce7;
    border-color: #bbf7d0;
}

.journal-tag-value.journal-tag-journal-of-ecology {
    background: #dff4e4;
    border-color: #bfe3c7;
}

.journal-tag-value.journal-tag-journal-of-applied-ecology {
    background: #e7efe2;
    border-color: #cad8c2;
}

.journal-tag-value.journal-tag-nature-ecology-evolution {
    background: #e5f1df;
    border-color: #c9ddbf;
}

.journal-tag-value.journal-tag-ecology-letters {
    background: #eef2d9;
    border-color: #d9e1b2;
}

.journal-tag-value.journal-tag-global-change-biology {
    background: #f7e4c8;
    border-color: #ebcf9d;
}

.journal-tag-value.journal-tag-american-naturalist {
    background: #eadfd2;
    border-color: #d6c3ac;
}

.journal-tag-value.journal-tag-nature-cities {
    background: #ffe4e6;
    border-color: #fecdd3;
}

.journal-tag-value.journal-tag-computers-environment-urban-systems {
    background: #dbeafe;
    border-color: #bfdbfe;
}

.journal-tag-value.journal-tag-landscape-urban-planning {
    background: #dcfce7;
    border-color: #bbf7d0;
}

.journal-tag-value.journal-tag-cities {
    background: #ede9fe;
    border-color: #ddd6fe;
}

.journal-tag-value.journal-tag-urban-studies {
    background: #ffedd5;
    border-color: #fed7aa;
}

.journal-entry-title-line {
    margin-top: 0;
}

.journal-entry a {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    text-decoration: underline;
    text-decoration-color: currentColor;
}

.journal-entry a:hover {
    color: #0f4c91;
}

.journal-status {
    display: none;
}

.journal-list-section {
    padding-top: 0;
}

.journal-list {
    margin-top: 8px;
    display: grid;
    gap: 0;
}

.home-page {
    background: #fff;
}

.page-closing {
    width: 100%;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    padding: 12px 12px 12px;
}

.page-closing p {
    margin: 0;
    color: #9a9a9a;
    font-size: 16px;
    font-style: italic;
    line-height: 1.7;
    text-align: center;
}

.clustrmaps-widget {
    margin-top: 16px;
    position: relative;
    height: 180px;
    overflow: visible;
}

.clustrmaps-widget > * {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%) scale(0.11);
    transform-origin: top center;
}

.page-closing-copyright {
    margin-top: 20px;
    color: #9a9a9a;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-style: normal;
    text-align: center;
}

.cv-container {
    max-width: 980px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.home-cv {
    padding: 0;
}

.cv-container-lines {
    border-top: none;
}

.cv-page-title,
.cv-line-section h2,
.cv-line-section h3,
.cv-subtitle,
.cv-card p,
.cv-card li,
.cv-entry-head p,
.cv-entry-head h3,
.cv-line-section p,
.cv-line-section li {
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: #000;
}

.cv-page-title,
.cv-line-section h2,
.cv-line-section h3,
.cv-subtitle,
.cv-entry-head h3 {
    font-weight: 600;
}

.cv-stack {
    display: grid;
    gap: 12px;
}

.cv-line-section {
    padding: 0 0 24px;
}

.cv-line-section h2 {
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    padding-bottom: 10px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.publication-heading {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: baseline;
    gap: 10px;
}

.publication-heading-main {
    color: #000;
}

.citation-button {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    align-self: center;
    gap: 6px;
    padding: 4px 10px;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 999px;
    background: #fff;
    color: #000;
    font-size: 12px;
    line-height: 1.3;
    font-weight: 500;
    text-decoration: none;
    white-space: nowrap;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.citation-button-count {
    color: rgb(82, 115, 197);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.publication-heading-separator {
    color: #000;
    white-space: pre;
}

.publication-heading-topic {
    font-weight: 600;
}

.publication-heading-topic-blue {
    color: rgb(82, 115, 197);
}

.publication-heading-topic-green {
    color: rgb(67, 94, 42);
}

.cv-container-lines .cv-line-section:first-child {
    padding-top: 0;
}

.cv-line-section + .cv-line-section {
    margin-top: 24px;
}

.research-interest-layout {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 180px;
    gap: 24px;
    align-items: start;
}

.research-interest-figure {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    justify-content: flex-end;
}

.research-interest-image {
    width: 160px;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
}

.poster-preview-image {
    width: 64px;
}

.research-interest-layout .cv-list {
    margin: 0;
}

.education-layout {
    align-items: start;
}

.education-layout .cv-stack {
    gap: 16px;
}

.education-layout .cv-entry-line p + p {
    margin-top: 4px;
}

.publication-layout-single {
    align-items: start;
}

.publication-list {
    gap: 10px;
}

.publication-list .cv-entry-line p {
    margin: 0;
}

.cv-subsection + .cv-subsection {
    margin-top: 16px;
}

.cv-subtitle {
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.publication-category {
    margin-top: 16px;
}

.publication-image-row {
    display: flex;
    gap: 16px;
    align-items: flex-start;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.publication-image-link {
    display: block;
    flex: 0 0 120px;
    width: 120px;
    max-width: 100%;
}

.publication-image {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 120px;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.publication-image-link:hover .publication-image {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.publication-figure-spacer {
    width: 120px;
}

.cv-line-section a {
    color: rgb(82, 115, 197);
    text-decoration: underline;
    text-decoration-color: rgb(82, 115, 197);
    word-break: break-all;
}

.cv-list {
    list-style: disc;
    padding-left: 20px;
}

.cv-list li + li {
    margin-top: 6px;
}

.cv-entry-line {
    padding: 0;
}

.cv-entry-head {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 16px;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.cv-entry p + p {
    margin-top: 8px;
}

.hero-tagline {
    font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 4vw, 1.75rem);
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.hero-motto {
    font-size: 16px;
    color: var(--accent-color);
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.hero-social {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
    justify-content: center;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.social-icon {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background-color: var(--secondary-color);
    color: var(--text-color);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 18px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.social-icon:hover {
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: white;
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.hero-subtitle {
    font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 4vw, 1.75rem);
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.hero-description {
    font-size: 18px;
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
    max-width: 500px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}

.hero-buttons {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
    justify-content: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

/* ==================== 
   Buttons
   ==================== */

.btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 12px 28px;
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    text-transform: none;
}

.btn-primary {
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: white;
}

.btn-primary:hover {
    background-color: rgb(82, 115, 197);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.btn-secondary {
    background-color: var(--secondary-color);
    color: var(--text-color);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.btn-secondary:hover {
    background-color: #efefef;
    border-color: var(--text-light);
}

/* ==================== 
   Featured Section
   ==================== */

.featured {
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) var(--spacing-md);
    background-color: #fff;
}

.featured h2 {
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 2.5rem);
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.featured-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.featured-card {
    background-color: #fff;
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.featured-card:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.featured-image {
    width: 100%;
    height: 200px;
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
}

.featured-card h3 {
    padding: var(--spacing-md) var(--spacing-md) 0;
    font-size: 18px;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.featured-card p {
    padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-md);
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 15px;
}

.featured-card .link-arrow {
    padding: 0 var(--spacing-md) var(--spacing-md);
    display: inline-block;
    color: var(--accent-color);
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 14px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.featured-card .link-arrow:hover {
    gap: 4px;
}

/* ==================== 
   Blog Preview Section
   ==================== */

.blog-preview {
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) var(--spacing-md);
    background-color: var(--secondary-color);
}

.blog-preview h2 {
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 2.5rem);
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.blog-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.blog-card {
    background-color: #fff;
    padding: var(--spacing-lg);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.blog-card:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.blog-date {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.blog-card h3 {
    font-size: 20px;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.blog-card p {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 15px;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.blog-card .link-arrow {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 14px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.blog-card .link-arrow:hover {
    gap: 4px;
}

.view-all {
    text-align: center;
}

/* ==================== 
   Footer
   ==================== */

.footer {
    background-color: #f5f5f7;
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) var(--spacing-md);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.footer-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}

.footer-section h4 {
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    color: var(--text-color);
}

.footer-section ul {
    list-style: none;
}

.footer-section li {
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.footer-section a {
    color: var(--text-light);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 14px;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.footer-section a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

.subscribe-form {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.subscribe-form input {
    flex: 1;
    padding: 10px 14px;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    font-family: var(--font-family);
    font-size: 14px;
}

.subscribe-form input:focus {
    outline: none;
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(82, 115, 197, 0.1);
}

.subscribe-form button {
    padding: 10px 20px;
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: white;
    border: none;
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    font-weight: 600;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.subscribe-form button:hover {
    background-color: rgb(82, 115, 197);
}

.footer-bottom {
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 14px;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    padding-top: var(--spacing-md);
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}

/* ==================== 
   Animations
   ==================== */

@keyframes fadeInUp {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateY(20px);
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

/* ==================== 
   Media Queries - Responsive Design
   ==================== */

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .nav-menu {
        display: none;
    }
    
    .hamburger {
        display: flex;
    }
    
    .hero-buttons {
        flex-direction: column;
    }
    
    .btn {
        width: 100%;
    }
    
    .footer-content {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    
    .subscribe-form {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .home-minimal .hero-content {
        align-items: flex-start;
        text-align: left;
    }

    .home-layout {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        row-gap: 16px;
        padding: 20px 12px 48px;
    }

    .home-sidebar {
        padding-top: 0;
    }

    .home-intro {
        margin-top: 16px;
    }

    .profile-main {
        gap: 16px;
    }

    .home-intro {
        margin-bottom: 16px;
    }

    .cv-entry-head {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 4px;
    }

    .research-interest-layout {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 16px;
    }

    .research-interest-image {
        width: 120px;
    }

    .poster-preview-image {
        width: 53px;
    }

    .publication-image-link {
        flex: 0 0 92px;
        width: 92px;
    }

    .publication-image {
        max-width: 92px;
    }

    .publication-figure-spacer {
        display: none;
    }

    .research-interest-figure {
        justify-content: flex-start;
    }

    .others-page,
    .journal-page {
        padding-bottom: 48px;
    }

    .others-grid {
        gap: 14px;
    }

    .journal-hero,
    .journal-entry-subgrid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .others-card-compact {
        width: 220px;
        max-width: 220px;
    }

    .others-card-image-wrap {
        flex-basis: 120px;
        height: 120px;
    }

    .others-card-copy {
        min-height: 0;
        padding: 14px 14px 16px;
    }

    .journal-entry {
        padding: 16px;
    }

    .journal-filter-options {
        gap: 6px;
    }

}

/* ==================== 
   Dark Mode (Optional - Future Feature)
   ==================== */

@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
    :root {
        --primary-color: #000;
        --secondary-color: #fff;
        --text-color: #000;
        --text-light: #000;
        --border-color: #e5e5e7;
    }
    
    body {
        background-color: #fff;
    }
    
    .navbar {
        background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
    }
    
    .hero {
        background: #fff;
    }
    
    .featured-card,
    .blog-card {
        background-color: #fff;
    }
    
    .footer {
        background-color: #fff;
    }
}

/* ==================== 
   Links
   ==================== */

a {
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

a.link-arrow {
    text-decoration: none;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 2px;
}

a.link-arrow:hover {
    gap: 6px;
}

/* ==================== 
   Utility Classes
   ==================== */

.text-center {
    text-align: center;
}

.mt-lg {
    margin-top: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.mb-lg {
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

/* ==================== 
   Page Header (Inner Pages)
   ==================== */

.page-header {
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) var(--spacing-md);
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffffff 0%, #f5f5f7 100%);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.page-header .container {
    text-align: center;
}

.page-header h1 {
    font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 8vw, 3rem);
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.page-header p {
    font-size: 18px;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

/* ==================== 
   Portfolio Page
   ==================== */

.filter-section {
    padding: var(--spacing-lg) var(--spacing-md);
    background-color: #fff;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.filter-tags {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
    justify-content: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.filter-tag {
    padding: 10px 20px;
    background-color: var(--secondary-color);
    color: var(--text-color);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.filter-tag:hover,
.filter-tag.active {
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: white;
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
}

.portfolio-section {
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) var(--spacing-md);
    background-color: #fff;
}

.portfolio-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(350px, 1fr));
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.portfolio-item {
    background-color: #fff;
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.portfolio-item:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
}

.portfolio-image {
    width: 100%;
    height: 250px;
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
}

.portfolio-info {
    padding: var(--spacing-lg);
    flex: 1;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.portfolio-tags {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-sm);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.tag {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 4px 12px;
    background-color: rgba(82, 115, 197, 0.1);
    color: var(--accent-color);
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: 12px;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.portfolio-item h3 {
    font-size: 18px;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.portfolio-item p {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 14px;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
    flex: 1;
}

/* ==================== 
   Blog Page
   ==================== */

.blog-section {
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) var(--spacing-md);
    background-color: #fff;
}

.blog-list {
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.blog-post {
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.blog-post:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.blog-meta {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    align-items: center;
}

.blog-date {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.blog-category {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 4px 12px;
    background-color: rgba(82, 115, 197, 0.1);
    color: var(--accent-color);
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: 12px;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.blog-post h2 {
    font-size: 24px;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    line-height: 1.4;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.blog-post:hover h2 {
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

.blog-excerpt {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 16px;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
    line-height: 1.8;
}

.blog-tags {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-sm);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.blog-tags .tag {
    font-size: 12px;
}

.read-more {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 14px;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 4px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.read-more:hover {
    gap: 8px;
}

.pagination {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
    margin-top: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.pagination-btn {
    padding: 10px 20px;
    background-color: var(--secondary-color);
    color: var(--text-color);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.pagination-btn:hover:not(:disabled) {
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: white;
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
}

.pagination-btn:disabled {
    opacity: 0.5;
    cursor: not-allowed;
}

.pagination-info {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 14px;
}

/* ==================== 
   About Page
   ==================== */

.about-section {
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) var(--spacing-md);
    background-color: #fff;
}

.about-intro {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1.5fr 1fr;
    gap: var(--spacing-xl);
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}

.about-text h2 {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.about-text p {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 1.8;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.about-avatar {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
}

.avatar-placeholder {
    width: 300px;
    height: 300px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

/* ==================== 
   Skills Section
   ==================== */

.skills-section {
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
    padding: var(--spacing-xl);
    background-color: var(--secondary-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}

.skills-section h2 {
    font-size: 2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.skills-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.skill-category h3 {
    font-size: 18px;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.skill-category ul {
    list-style: none;
}

.skill-category li {
    padding: var(--spacing-sm) 0;
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 15px;
    position: relative;
    padding-left: var(--spacing-md);
}

.skill-category li:before {
    content: '✓';
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    color: var(--accent-color);
    font-weight: 700;
}

/* ==================== 
   Experience Section
   ==================== */

.experience-section {
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}

.experience-section h2 {
    font-size: 2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.timeline {
    position: relative;
}

.timeline::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 2px;
    background-color: var(--border-color);
}

.timeline-item {
    position: relative;
    padding-left: var(--spacing-lg);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.timeline-item::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: -6px;
    top: 8px;
    width: 14px;
    height: 14px;
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 2px solid white;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px var(--border-color);
}

.timeline-date {
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--accent-color);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.timeline-content h3 {
    font-size: 18px;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.timeline-company {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 14px;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.timeline-content p {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 15px;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

/* ==================== 
   Education Section
   ==================== */

.education-section {
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}

.education-section h2 {
    font-size: 2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.education-list {
    display: grid;
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.education-item {
    padding: var(--spacing-lg);
    background-color: var(--secondary-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.education-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: start;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.education-item h3 {
    font-size: 18px;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.education-year {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.education-school {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.education-item p:last-child {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 15px;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

/* ==================== 
   CTA Section
   ==================== */

.cta-section {
    text-align: center;
    padding: var(--spacing-xl);
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--secondary-color) 0%, #fff 100%);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    margin: var(--spacing-xl) auto;
    max-width: 1200px;
}

.cta-section h2 {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.cta-section > p {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 16px;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.cta-buttons {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
    justify-content: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

/* ==================== 
   Responsive - Inner Pages
   ==================== */

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .about-intro {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    
    .avatar-placeholder {
        width: 250px;
        height: 250px;
    }
    
    .portfolio-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    
    .skills-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    
    .cta-buttons {
        flex-direction: column;
    }
    
    .cta-buttons .btn {
        width: 100%;
    }
}

/* ====================
   Codex Interface Polish
   ==================== */

.navbar {
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.86);
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(230, 229, 225, 0.9);
}

.nav-container {
    height: 64px;
    max-width: 1180px;
}

.logo {
    color: var(--text-color);
    font-size: 15px;
    letter-spacing: 0;
}

.nav-menu {
    gap: 8px;
}

.nav-menu a {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 560;
    padding: 8px 12px;
    border-radius: 999px;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.nav-menu a:hover,
.nav-menu a.active {
    color: var(--text-color);
    background: var(--surface-muted);
}

.nav-menu a.active::after {
    display: none;
}

.hamburger span {
    background-color: var(--text-color);
}

.home-page,
.others-empty {
    background:
        radial-gradient(circle at top left, rgba(79, 111, 159, 0.055), transparent 32rem),
        var(--page-background);
}

.home-layout {
    max-width: 1160px;
    padding: 34px 20px 80px;
    grid-template-columns: 190px minmax(0, 1fr);
    column-gap: 28px;
}

.standalone-page-layout {
    max-width: 980px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 34px 20px 80px;
}

.home-sidebar-shell {
    position: sticky;
    top: 88px;
    width: 190px;
    gap: 12px;
}

.home-sidebar {
    width: 190px;
    padding: 18px 16px;
    gap: 18px;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.82);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
}

.home-main {
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    overflow: hidden;
}

.cv-container {
    max-width: none;
    margin: 0;
}

.profile-avatar-frame {
    width: 116px;
    height: 116px;
    border-color: var(--border-strong);
    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(31, 35, 40, 0.06);
}

.hero-title {
    gap: 6px;
    color: var(--text-color);
}

.hero-name-line,
.hero-subtitle-cjk,
.hero-subtitle-katakana {
    font-size: 15px;
    line-height: 1.45;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.hero-links {
    gap: 10px;
}

.hero-link {
    width: 42px;
    height: 42px;
    padding: 8px;
    border-color: var(--border-color);
    background-color: #fff;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    transition: transform 0.18s ease, box-shadow 0.18s ease, border-color 0.18s ease;
}

.hero-link:hover {
    transform: translateY(-1px);
    border-color: var(--border-strong);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.cv-line-section {
    padding: 24px 30px 28px;
}

.cv-line-section + .cv-line-section {
    margin-top: 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.cv-container-lines .cv-line-section:first-child {
    padding-top: 28px;
}

.cv-line-section h2 {
    margin-bottom: 18px;
    padding-bottom: 0;
    border-bottom: 0;
}

.cv-page-title,
.cv-line-section h2,
.cv-line-section h3,
.cv-subtitle,
.cv-card p,
.cv-card li,
.cv-entry-head p,
.cv-entry-head h3,
.cv-line-section p,
.cv-line-section li {
    color: var(--text-color);
    font-size: 15px;
    line-height: 1.72;
}

.cv-line-section h2,
.cv-line-section h3,
.cv-subtitle {
    color: #000000;
    font-weight: 650;
}

.cv-line-section h2 {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
    padding: 4px 0;
}

.cv-line-section h2::before {
    content: "";
    width: 7px;
    height: 7px;
    border-radius: 999px;
    background: #9aa7b7;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(154, 167, 183, 0.13);
}

.publication-heading::before {
    flex: 0 0 auto;
}

.publication-heading {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

a:focus-visible,
button:focus-visible {
    outline: 2px solid rgba(79, 111, 159, 0.5);
    outline-offset: 3px;
}

.cv-list {
    padding-left: 18px;
}

.cv-list li::marker {
    color: #a7adb4;
}

.cv-list li + li {
    margin-top: 5px;
}

.cv-stack {
    gap: 14px;
}

.cv-entry-line p,
.journal-entry p {
    color: var(--text-color);
}

.cv-line-section a,
.journal-entry a,
a {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    text-decoration-line: underline;
    text-decoration-color: currentColor;
    text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

.cv-line-section a:hover,
.journal-entry a:hover,
a:hover {
    color: #0f4c91;
    text-decoration-color: currentColor;
}

.citation-button,
.journal-tag,
.journal-tag-value,
.journal-filter-button,
.filter-tag,
.tag {
    border-color: var(--border-color);
    background: var(--surface-muted);
    color: var(--text-color);
    box-shadow: none;
}

.citation-button {
    padding: 5px 11px;
    font-size: 12px;
}

.citation-button-count {
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

.research-interest-layout {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 172px;
    gap: 30px;
}

.research-interest-image {
    width: 150px;
    opacity: 0.94;
}

.publication-image-row {
    gap: 14px;
}

.publication-image-link {
    flex-basis: 112px;
    width: 112px;
}

.publication-image {
    max-width: 112px;
    border-color: var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.publication-image-link:hover .publication-image {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.publication-text-section + .publication-text-section {
    margin-top: 28px;
}

.publication-text-section h2 {
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.publication-text-list {
    margin: 0;
    padding-left: 24px;
}

.publication-text-list li {
    padding-left: 4px;
}

.publication-text-list li + li {
    margin-top: 14px;
}

.publication-text-list a {
    text-decoration-line: underline;
}

.publication-citation-row {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: flex-end;
    margin-top: 28px;
}

.citation-card {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 6px;
    padding: 5px 11px;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 999px;
    background: var(--surface-muted);
    color: var(--text-color);
    font-size: 12px;
    line-height: 1.3;
    font-weight: 500;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.citation-card-label {
    color: var(--text-color);
}

.citation-card-count {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.page-closing {
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    background: var(--page-background);
    padding: 22px 12px 26px;
}

.page-closing p {
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-size: 14px;
}

.others-page,
.journal-page {
    max-width: 1160px;
    padding: 34px 20px 80px;
}

.others-section-header {
    margin-bottom: 18px;
    padding: 20px 22px;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.others-section-header h1 {
    color: var(--text-color);
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: 650;
}

.others-grid {
    gap: 16px;
}

.others-card {
    border-color: var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    background: var(--surface-color);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.others-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    border-color: var(--border-strong);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.others-card-copy {
    background: var(--surface-muted);
}

.others-card h2 {
    color: var(--text-color);
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: 650;
}

.others-card-description {
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.journal-simple-header {
    padding: 20px 22px;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.journal-simple-header p,
.journal-status,
.journal-entry p,
.journal-tag,
.journal-tag-value {
    color: var(--text-color);
    font-size: 15px;
    line-height: 1.72;
}

.journal-entry a {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    text-decoration-line: underline;
    text-decoration-color: currentColor;
}

.journal-label {
    color: #000000;
    font-weight: 650;
}

.journal-filter-button {
    padding: 5px 11px;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.journal-filter-button:hover {
    border-color: var(--border-strong);
}

.journal-filter-button.is-active {
    color: var(--text-color);
    box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(31, 35, 40, 0.04);
}

.journal-list {
    margin-top: 14px;
    gap: 10px;
}

.journal-entry,
.journal-entry:first-child,
.journal-entry:last-child,
.journal-entry + .journal-entry {
    padding: 18px 20px;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);
}

.page-header,
.filter-section,
.portfolio-section,
.blog-section,
.about-section,
.featured,
.blog-preview {
    background: var(--page-background);
}

.page-header {
    background: var(--surface-color);
}

.featured-card,
.blog-card,
.portfolio-item,
.education-item,
.skills-section,
.cta-section {
    border-color: var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.featured-card:hover,
.blog-card:hover,
.portfolio-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    border-color: var(--border-strong);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .nav-container {
        height: 64px;
    }

    .home-layout {
        padding: 18px 12px 48px;
        row-gap: 14px;
    }

    .home-sidebar {
        position: static;
        width: 100%;
        flex-direction: row;
        justify-content: flex-start;
        align-items: center;
        padding: 14px;
    }

    .home-intro {
        align-items: flex-start;
        margin: 0;
        text-align: left;
        gap: 12px;
    }

    .hero-title {
        text-align: left;
        gap: 3px;
    }

    .hero-links {
        display: flex;
        flex-wrap: wrap;
        justify-content: flex-start;
        gap: 8px;
    }

    .profile-avatar-frame {
        width: 82px;
        height: 82px;
    }

    .cv-line-section {
        padding: 20px 18px 22px;
    }

    .cv-container-lines .cv-line-section:first-child {
        padding-top: 22px;
    }

    .research-interest-layout {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 16px;
    }

    .research-interest-image {
        width: 116px;
    }

    .publication-image-link {
        flex: 0 0 92px;
        width: 92px;
    }

    .publication-image {
        max-width: 92px;
    }

    .others-page,
    .journal-page {
        padding: 18px 12px 48px;
    }

    .others-section-header,
    .journal-simple-header {
        padding: 18px;
    }

    .others-card-compact {
        width: 100%;
        max-width: none;
    }

    .journal-entry {
        padding: 16px;
    }
}

/* ====================
   Static Motion System
   ==================== */

*,
*::before,
*::after {
    animation-duration: 0s !important;
    animation-delay: 0s !important;
    transition-duration: 0s !important;
    transition-delay: 0s !important;
}

.home-sidebar {
    position: static;
}

.hero-link:hover,
.others-card:hover,
.journal-filter-button:hover,
.publication-image-link:hover .publication-image,
.featured-card:hover,
.blog-card:hover,
.portfolio-item:hover,
.social-icon:hover,
.btn-primary:hover {
    transform: none !important;
}

a.link-arrow:hover,
.featured-card .link-arrow:hover,
.blog-card .link-arrow:hover,
.read-more:hover {
    gap: 2px;
}

/* ====================
   Codex Workbench Refinement
   ==================== */

.nav-container,
.home-layout,
.others-page,
.journal-page {
    max-width: var(--content-width);
}

.navbar,
.home-main,
.home-sidebar,
.others-section-header,
.others-card,
.journal-simple-header,
.journal-entry {
    box-shadow: none;
}

.home-page,
.others-empty {
    background: var(--page-background);
}

.home-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 184px minmax(0, 1fr);
    column-gap: 18px;
    padding-top: 24px;
}

.home-sidebar,
.home-main,
.others-section-header,
.others-card,
.journal-simple-header,
.journal-entry {
    background: var(--surface-color);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
}

.home-sidebar {
    padding: var(--panel-padding);
}

.home-main {
    overflow: clip;
}

.cv-line-section {
    padding: 22px 28px 26px;
}

.cv-line-section h2::before {
    display: none;
}

.cv-line-section h2 {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: 650;
    letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

.others-page {
    padding-top: 24px;
}

.others-section-header {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    min-height: 64px;
    margin-bottom: 18px;
    padding: 0 24px;
}

.others-section-header h1 {
    font-size: 17px;
    line-height: 1.35;
    font-weight: 650;
}

.others-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 16px;
    align-items: stretch;
}

.others-card,
.others-card-compact {
    width: auto;
    max-width: none;
    min-width: 0;
    height: 100%;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.others-card-image-wrap {
    flex: none;
    height: 156px;
    background: #fff;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.others-card-image {
    padding: 18px;
    object-fit: contain;
}

.others-card-copy {
    flex: 1 1 auto;
    min-height: 230px;
    padding: 18px 18px 20px;
    background: var(--surface-muted);
}

.others-card h2 {
    margin: 0 0 10px;
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 1.35;
}

.others-card-description,
.others-card-description li {
    font-size: 13px;
    line-height: 1.45;
}

.others-card-description ul {
    padding-left: 16px;
}

.others-card-description strong {
    color: var(--text-color);
    font-weight: 400;
}

.journal-simple-header {
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
}

@media (max-width: 980px) {
    .others-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .home-layout {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        padding-top: 16px;
    }

    .home-sidebar {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .others-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .others-section-header {
        min-height: 56px;
        padding: 0 18px;
    }

    .others-card-copy {
        min-height: 0;
    }
}

/* ====================
   Unified Content Pages
   ==================== */

.others-page,
.journal-page {
    max-width: 980px;
}

.others-section {
    max-width: none;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    background: var(--surface-color);
}

.others-section + .others-section {
    margin-top: 14px;
}

.others-section summary {
    list-style: none;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.others-section summary::-webkit-details-marker {
    display: none;
}

.others-section-header {
    min-height: auto;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 20px 28px 14px;
    border: 0;
    border-radius: 0;
    background: transparent;
}

.others-section-header h1 {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 13px;
    line-height: 1.5;
    font-weight: 650;
    letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

.others-section-toggle {
    width: 0;
    height: 0;
    border-top: 4px solid transparent;
    border-bottom: 4px solid transparent;
    border-left: 6px solid currentColor;
}

.others-section[open] .others-section-toggle {
    transform: rotate(90deg);
}

.others-grid {
    display: block;
}

.others-card,
.others-card-compact {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 154px minmax(0, 1fr);
    min-height: 128px;
    border: 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 0;
    background: transparent;
}

.others-card-image-wrap {
    height: auto;
    min-height: 128px;
    border: 0;
    border-right: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    background: #fff;
}

.others-card-image {
    padding: 22px;
}

.others-card-copy {
    min-height: 0;
    padding: 20px 24px;
    background: transparent;
}

.others-card:hover,
.others-card:focus-visible {
    background: #f8f8f6;
    border-color: transparent;
}

.others-card:focus-visible {
    outline: 2px solid rgba(79, 111, 159, 0.45);
    outline-offset: -2px;
}

.others-card-title-row {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 16px;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.others-card h2 {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 15px;
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

.others-card-action {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 6px;
    flex: 0 0 auto;
    padding: 3px 9px;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 999px;
    color: var(--text-light);
    background: #fff;
    font-size: 12px;
    line-height: 1.35;
    font-weight: 650;
}

.others-card-action::after {
    content: "->";
    color: var(--text-muted);
}

.others-card:hover .others-card-action,
.others-card:focus-visible .others-card-action {
    border-color: rgba(79, 111, 159, 0.28);
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

.others-card:hover .others-card-action::after,
.others-card:focus-visible .others-card-action::after {
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

.others-card-description ul {
    columns: auto;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 4px;
    margin: 0;
    padding-left: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

.others-card-description li {
    position: relative;
    break-inside: avoid;
    margin: 0;
    padding-left: 15px;
}

.others-card-description li::before {
    content: "-";
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    color: var(--text-muted);
}

.journal-simple-header {
    display: grid;
    gap: 8px;
    padding: 20px 28px;
}

.journal-simple-header p,
.journal-status,
.journal-entry p,
.journal-entry a,
.journal-tag,
.journal-tag-value {
    font-size: 14px;
}

.journal-meta-row-filters {
    padding-top: 4px;
}

.journal-filter-button {
    padding: 3px 10px;
    font-size: 14px;
}

.journal-list {
    margin-top: 12px;
    gap: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    background: var(--surface-color);
}

.journal-entry,
.journal-entry:first-child,
.journal-entry:last-child,
.journal-entry + .journal-entry {
    border: 0;
    border-radius: 0;
    background: transparent;
}

.journal-entry + .journal-entry {
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .others-page,
    .journal-page {
        max-width: none;
    }

    .others-section-header {
        padding: 18px 18px 12px;
    }

    .others-card,
    .others-card-compact {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .others-card-image-wrap {
        height: 132px;
        min-height: 0;
        border-right: 0;
        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    }

    .others-card-copy {
        padding: 18px;
    }

    .others-card-description ul {
        columns: auto;
    }

    .journal-simple-header {
        padding: 18px;
    }
}

/* ====================
   Home Identity Panel
   ==================== */

.home-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 190px minmax(0, 1fr);
}

.home-sidebar-shell {
    align-items: center;
    gap: 18px;
}

.home-sidebar {
    padding: 22px 16px;
}

.profile-avatar-frame {
    width: 112px;
    height: 112px;
    margin: 0 auto 4px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(31, 35, 40, 0.08);
}

.home-intro {
    align-items: center;
    gap: 20px;
    text-align: center;
}

.hero-title {
    gap: 7px;
    text-align: center;
}

.hero-name-line,
.hero-subtitle-cjk,
.hero-subtitle-katakana {
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 1.4;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.hero-title .hero-name-line:not(:first-child) {
    color: var(--text-color);
    font-weight: 700;
}

.hero-name-katakana {
    font-size: 14px;
}

.hero-links {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 42px);
    grid-template-areas: none;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 12px;
    padding-top: 0;
}

.hero-link-email,
.hero-link-scholar,
.hero-link-github,
.hero-link-orcid,
.hero-link-x {
    grid-area: auto;
}

.hero-link-x {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    justify-self: center;
}

.hero-link {
    width: 42px;
    height: 42px;
    padding: 8px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    background: #fff;
}

.hero-link:hover,
.hero-link:focus-visible {
    background: #fff;
    border-color: var(--border-strong);
}

.hero-link-icon,
.hero-link-image {
    width: 24px;
    height: 24px;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .home-sidebar-shell,
    .home-sidebar {
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        gap: 14px;
    }

    .home-intro,
    .hero-title {
        align-items: center;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .profile-avatar-frame {
        width: 112px;
        height: 112px;
    }
}

/* ====================
   Compact Footer
   ==================== */

.page-closing {
    max-width: var(--content-width);
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 18px 20px 26px;
    position: relative;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) auto;
    align-items: center;
    column-gap: 18px;
    row-gap: 8px;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    background: transparent;
    font-family: var(--font-family);
}

.page-closing p {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-size: 13px;
    line-height: 1.5;
    text-align: left;
}

.page-closing-motto {
    font-style: normal;
}

.page-closing-motto-cjk {
    font-family: SimSun, STSong, 'Songti SC', serif;
}

.page-closing-copyright {
    grid-column: 1;
    margin-top: 0;
    padding-right: 96px;
    font-style: normal;
}

.page-closing-logo {
    position: absolute;
    right: 20px;
    bottom: 26px;
    display: block;
    width: 88px;
    height: auto;
}

.clustrmaps-widget {
    grid-column: 2;
    grid-row: 1 / span 2;
    width: 54px;
    height: 54px;
    margin-top: 0;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    background: var(--surface-color);
    opacity: 0.72;
}

.clustrmaps-widget > * {
    position: absolute;
    top: -9px;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%) scale(0.035);
    transform-origin: top center;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .page-closing {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        padding: 16px 14px 24px;
    }

    .page-closing-logo {
        right: 14px;
        bottom: 24px;
        width: 68px;
    }

    .page-closing-copyright {
        padding-right: 84px;
    }

    .clustrmaps-widget {
        grid-column: 1;
        grid-row: auto;
        width: 48px;
        height: 48px;
    }
}

.page-with-closing {
    min-height: calc(100vh - 65px);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.page-with-closing .page-closing {
    width: 100%;
    margin-top: auto;
    flex: 0 0 auto;
}

.page-with-closing > .standalone-page-layout,
.page-with-closing > .others-page {
    width: 100%;
}

.page-with-closing > .standalone-page-layout,
.page-with-closing > .others-page,
.page-with-closing > .others-section {
    margin-bottom: 72px;
}

/* ====================
   Unified Typography
   ==================== */

:root {
    --font-size-base: 15px;
    --type-body: 15px;
    --type-small: 13px;
    --type-line-height: 1.68;
}

body,
button,
input,
textarea,
select {
    font-size: var(--type-body);
    line-height: var(--type-line-height);
}

.logo,
.nav-menu a,
.hero-name-line,
.hero-subtitle-cjk,
.hero-subtitle-katakana,
.cv-page-title,
.cv-line-section h2,
.cv-line-section h3,
.cv-subtitle,
.cv-card p,
.cv-card li,
.cv-entry-head p,
.cv-entry-head h3,
.cv-line-section p,
.cv-line-section li,
.others-section-header h1,
.others-card h2,
.others-card-description,
.others-card-description li,
.journal-simple-header p,
.journal-status,
.journal-entry p,
.journal-entry a,
.journal-label,
.page-header h1,
.page-header p,
.filter-tag,
.portfolio-item h3,
.portfolio-item p,
.blog-post h2,
.blog-excerpt,
.about-text h2,
.about-text p,
.skills-section h2,
.skill-category h3,
.skill-category li,
.experience-section h2,
.timeline-content h3,
.timeline-content p,
.education-section h2,
.education-item h3,
.education-item p,
.cta-section h2,
.cta-section > p,
.footer-section h4,
.footer-section a,
.footer-bottom,
.btn {
    font-size: var(--type-body);
}

.hero-name-katakana {
    font-size: 13px;
}

.others-card-action,
.journal-filter-button,
.journal-tag,
.journal-tag-value,
.citation-button,
.tag,
.blog-date,
.blog-category,
.read-more,
.pagination-btn,
.pagination-info,
.timeline-date,
.timeline-company,
.education-year,
.education-school,
.page-closing p {
    font-size: var(--type-small);
}

/* ====================
   Hidden Visitor Tracker
   ==================== */

.page-closing {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}

.clustrmaps-widget {
    position: absolute;
    width: 1px;
    height: 1px;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    opacity: 0;
    pointer-events: none;
    border: 0;
    background: transparent;
}

.clustrmaps-widget > * {
    position: static;
    transform: none;
}

.journal-entry-title-line a,
.journal-entry-title-line a:visited {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    text-decoration-line: underline;
    text-decoration-color: currentColor;
}

.journal-entry-title-line a:hover,
.journal-entry-title-line a:focus-visible {
    color: #0f4c91;
    text-decoration-color: currentColor;
}

/* ====================
   Static Project Entries
   ==================== */

.others-card {
    cursor: default;
    box-shadow: none;
}

.others-card:hover,
.others-card:focus-visible {
    background: var(--surface-muted);
    box-shadow: none;
    outline: none;
}

.others-card:hover .others-card-action,
.others-card:focus-visible .others-card-action,
.others-card:hover .others-card-action::after,
.others-card:focus-visible .others-card-action::after {
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.others-card-action,
.others-card-action:visited {
    color: var(--text-light);
    text-decoration: none;
    box-shadow: none;
}

.others-card-action:hover,
.others-card-action:focus-visible {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    border-color: rgba(79, 111, 159, 0.28);
    text-decoration: none;
    box-shadow: none;
}

.others-card-action:hover::after,
.others-card-action:focus-visible::after {
    color: var(--accent-color);
}